A creative flat lay template of herbal teas and natural remedies emphasizes wellness and holistic health, with solid background and copy space on centerIn recent years, the term “endocrine disruptors” has gained significant attention in health and environmental conversations. These substances, often found in everyday products, have the potential to interfere with our hormonal systems, which are vital for regulating numerous physiological processes in the body. From reproduction and metabolism to growth, obesity, and mood, hormones play an essential role in maintaining our overall health, and when these are disrupted, the effects can be far-reaching. 

But what exactly are endocrine disruptors, how do they work, and why should we care? Let’s take a closer look.

Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that can interfere with the endocrine system—the collection of glands like the thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, ovaries, and testes – and hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, thyroid, and insulin – responsible for regulating metabolism, growth, development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things. These disruptors can mimic, block, or alter hormone levels, leading to a plethora of health issues. Common examples of endocrine disruptors  include bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, and certain pesticides. Lesser known endocrine disruptors include triclosan, dioxins, flame retardants, lead, cadmium, and PFAS. 

How Do They Affect Us?

  1. Reproductive Health Issues: Endocrine disruptors like bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates are known to interfere with reproductive hormones, potentially causing fertility issues, reduced sperm count, altered sexual development, and developmental problems in offspring. For instance, BPA, commonly found in plastics, has been linked to reduced fertility in both men and women.
  2. Developmental and Behavioral Effects: Hormones are crucial for proper brain development, and disruptions in the endocrine system during critical periods of development can result in learning disabilities, behavioral issues, and even neurological disorders like autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Some studies suggest that prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals can influence brain function and contribute to cognitive and emotional challenges later in life.
  3. Thyroid and Metabolism Problems: Chemicals like perchlorates and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can disrupt thyroid function, which plays a key role in regulating metabolism. Disruption in thyroid hormones can lead to weight gain, fatigue, mood disturbances, and even developmental delays in children.
  4. Cancer Risk: Certain endocrine disruptors are also considered carcinogenic. Estrogen-mimicking chemicals like BPA, for example, have been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer and prostate cancer due to their ability to promote the growth of hormone-sensitive tumors.
  5. Immune System Impact: Some studies have shown that endocrine disruptors can also interfere with the immune system, making the body more susceptible to autoimmune diseases or infections. This occurs because hormones play a crucial role in regulating immune function.

Where Are They Found?

Endocrine disruptors can be found in a surprisingly wide array of everyday products, including:

  1. Plastics: BPA is commonly found in water bottles, food containers, and the linings of canned foods.
  2. Personal Care Products: Phthalates are often used in lotions, perfumes and colognes, shampoos, and cosmetics to enhance fragrance and pliability.
  3. Pesticides and Herbicides: Chemicals used in agriculture can contaminate food and water supplies.
  4. Household Items: Flame retardants and other chemicals used in furniture, fabrics, and electronics, fabric softeners, scented candles, and air fresheners can release endocrine disruptors into the air.

How Can You Reduce Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors?

While it may not be possible to avoid endocrine disruptors entirely, there are several steps you can take to reduce your exposure to these chemicals:

  1. Choose BPA-Free Products: Opt for glass, stainless steel, reusable 100% food-grade silicone bags, or waxed fabric for food and drink storage.
  2. Avoid Phthalates and Triclosan in Personal Care Products: Look for personal care items labeled “phthalate-free” and “triclosan free” and choose products that use natural ingredients or are free from synthetic fragrances. 
  3. Go Organic When Possible: Organic foods are less likely to be treated with synthetic pesticides, reducing your exposure to harmful chemicals. Washing produce thoroughly can also help decrease pesticide residues.
  4. Be Mindful of Food Packaging: Avoid plastic containers with recycling codes 3, 6, and 7, which may contain harmful chemicals like phthalates and BPA. 
  5. Ventilate Your Home: Use natural cleaning products when possible, and be sure to ventilate your home to reduce indoor air pollution from cleaning supplies, paints, and other chemicals.
  6. Stay Informed: Follow reliable sources, like the Environmental Working Group, and studies on chemicals of concern. Being aware of new research helps you make informed decisions about the products you use and the food you eat.

Looking Ahead

While the science is still evolving, it’s clear that these chemicals can have profound effects on our hormonal health, particularly for vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women. Endocrine disruptors may be invisible, but their impact is real and tangible. As consumers, our choices can drive demand for safer products. By taking steps to reduce our exposure, we can protect ourselves and future generations from their harmful effects.

Changes made at home and in personal hygiene products will make the largest impact on your health. Do you need help figuring out where to start? Schedule an appointment with one of our naturopathic doctors – they’re happy to help!